All Transport

• Strengthen alignment on fuel economy measurement as a key prerequisite for further action.
• Ensure availability of testing capacity for fuel economy.
• Build data processing and storage capacity for benchmarking, monitoring and decision making.
• Adopt and align policy tools to strengthen ASEAN fuel economy ambition.
• Align fuel taxation policies across ASEAN.
• Include low- and zero-emission vehicles in the ASEAN fuel economy roadmap.
• Target all motorised vehicles with policies that reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.

• Regulate mobility operators and MaaS providers separately.
• Adopt an explicitly pro-competitive approach to MaaS in policy and legislation.
• Clearly establish the status of MaaS providers via a licensing scheme.
• Review conditions for mobility operator licences to ensure they do not include barriers to developing MaaS.
• Add mandatory minimum data-sharing requirements relating to informational and operational data to licences for mobility operators.
• Build mandatory consumer data portability, subject to user consent, into the conditions of all mobility operator and MaaS provider licences.
• Adopt competition safeguards as part of the MaaS provider licensing framework.
• Ensure public transport operators have the freedom to negotiate the terms of public transport ticket resale with MaaS providers who, in turn, should be free to determine the pricing of services to consumers.
• Apply OECD and EU best practice principles on regulatory policy and governance to inform approaches to regulating MaaS.
• Make data reporting requirements to public authorities specific and directly related to regulatory tasks.
• The Good Move policy package should remain the key vehicle for implementing sustainable urban mobility policies.

• Adopt a light and flexible regulatory approach that allows Mobility as a Service to evolve.
• Integrate the governance of Mobility as a Service into broader sustainable mobility policies.
• Allow public transport operators the freedom to negotiate with Mobility as a Service providers.
• Create data-sharing frameworks that are as open as possible, as constrained as necessary.
• Define common building blocks for sharing data within a Mobility as a Service eco-system.

• Integrate clear decarbonisation requirements into government support packages helping the sector recover from the Covid-19 crisis.
• Establish a clear long-term vision for decarbonising air transport by setting and monitoring emissions reduction targets aligned with the Paris Agreement.
• Support an international approach to mitigating the climate change impacts of aviation while implementing decarbonisation policies domestically and on a regional level.
• Introduce carbon pricing in aviation to drive an efficient transition to a greener aviation sector.
• Put in place timely and ambitious fuel quality requirements to encourage the take up of sustainable aviation fuels.
• Strengthen the effectiveness of regulatory frameworks to further energy efficiency improvements of aircraft.
• Encourage research, development and deployment of alternative propulsion systems and clean fuels, supported by clear policy frameworks for de-risking industry investments to ramp up fuel production.
• Factor in the non-CO2 climate impacts of air transport when designing decarbonisation policies.

• Anchor the governance of Mobility as a Service in a strategic vision, applied to the whole functional urban area and informed by effective digital monitoring
• Seek greater understanding of how Mobility as a Service can add value for the user
• Guide Mobility as a Service where necessary to achieve agreed societal outcomes
• Adopt a flexible and light-handed regulatory approach towards Mobility as a Service platforms
• Adopt a predictable regulatory approach and allow for evolution
• Enhance public transport authorities’ and operators’ ability to negotiate terms of sale and re-use of tickets with Mobility as a Service providers
• Base data-sharing frameworks on the principle of “as open as possible, as closed as necessary”
• Build data portability into the MaaS ecosystem by default
• Consider common building blocks for sharing data
• Establish data-reporting requirements that are proportionate and targeted to outcomes
• Adopt complementary policies in other areas to ensure that the Mobility as a Service ecosystem contributes to desired policy outcomes
• Invest in the built environment and interchange facilities
• Skill sets will need to evolve to improve the public authority’s capacity to regulate and assess digital markets

•  Align Covid-19 recovery packages to revive the economy, combat climate change and strengthen equity.
• Implement much more ambitious policies that will reverse the growth of transport CO2 emissions.
• Target different transport sectors with strategies that reflect their specific decarbonisation potential and challenges.
• Support innovation to accelerate the technological breakthroughs needed to decarbonise transport.
• Shift the priority to improving accessibility.
• Intensify collaboration with non-transport sectors and between public and private actors. 

• Increase the energy efficiency of new and existing ships.
• Leverage public sector procurement to stimulate the electrification of short-distance shipping.
• Introduce regulations on lifecycle emissions of maritime fuels.
• Put in place carbon pricing for shipping and policies that can reduce the carbon content of shipping fuels.
• Advance the discussion on market-based mechanisms at the International Maritime Organization.
• Launch pilot projects to gain experience with new fuels and accelerate the adoption of safety guidelines.

• Leverage existing reporting obligations and introduce new requirements for micromobility providers to make evidence-based policy decisions.
• Focus interventions aiming at clean mobility on ridesourcing vehicles with high lifetime travel.
• Set incentives to increase occupancy of ridesourcing vehicles.
• Standardise methodologies for the evaluation of shared micromobility’s life-cycle emissions and introduce minimum performance requirements via market entry rule and/or operating licenses.
• Strengthen synergies between public transport and shared micromobility.

• Ensure strategic planning for port development accounts for the key drivers of trade.
• Support policy for decarbonisation of maritime transport with carbon pricing.
• Prevent aid to maritime shipping from eroding competition in maritime logistics services.
• Improve maritime logistics via new performance metrics.
• Guarantee open standards when digitalising maritime logistics.
• Fine-tune maritime transport modelling.

• Let government plan transport services, but at a decentralised level.
• Consider corporatising publicly operated transport services.
• Pay close attention to system design where competition in public transport provision is introduced.
• Pay attention to service quality as well as costs to achieve a sustainable public transport system.
• Take the broader urban context into account in designing and adopting public transport reforms.

• Target the company car market to boost the uptake of electric vehicles.
• Address non-monetary factors in vehicle purchase decisions.
• Use stated preference surveys to improve understanding of consumer choices

• Re-orient and harmonise maritime subsidy policies.
• Clarify objectives of maritime subsidies.
• Make maritime subsidies more conditional on positive impacts.
• Design maritime subsidies in ways that avoid market distortions.
• Improve transparency around maritime subsidies.

Editor:

Policy Insights

• Develop coherent electric mobility strategies for urban areas.
• Tailor urban decarbonising pathways to the development priorities of different country groups.
• Engage in holistic and prospective urban development planning that prioritises connectivity between different modes of travel.
• Forge new collaborations between relevant actors to address the sustainability challenges of urban passenger transport.
• Continue to employ and refine demand management measures to incentivise the use of sustainable transport modes.
• Consider behavioural factors in both supply- and demand-side decarbonisation measures for urban transport.