All Transport
International Freight and Related CO2 Emissions by 2050: A New Modelling Tool
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2014
The Renegotiation of PPP Contracts: An Overview of its Recent Evolution in Latin America
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2014
Renegotiation of Transportation Public-Private Partnerships: The U.S. Experience
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2014
Renegotiations in Public-Private Partnerships: Theory and Evidence
Discussion Paper,
29 November 2014
Institutional and Political Determinants of Private Participation in Infrastructure
Discussion Paper,
30 September 2014
Causal Influence for Ex-post Evaluation of Transport Interventions
Discussion Paper,
30 September 2014
Better Regulation of Public-Private Partnerships for Transport Infrastructure
Roundtable Report, Policy Insights,
24 September 2013
- A mix of financing models spreads risks.
- A dedicated budget for PPPs, set in relation to the rate at which future liabilities will be accumulated, can provide such a limit.
- Explicit consideration of alternative financing arrangements should be employed in determining whether to proceed with PPP projects.
- It is recommended that governments require PPP projects to pass tests of affordability and to clear the hurdle rates of return generally applied to publicly financed transport projects.
- The expected cost of PPP projects should take account of cost inflation resulting from the propensity for projects to be renegotiated.
- At the individual project level, risks should be assigned to the party best able to manage them, along with rights to make related decisions.
- Assigning demand risk is not straightforward and risk sharing arrangements are therefore common.
- Continuity of resources and expertise is essential for addressing strategic behaviour and optimism bias more generally.
- Regulatory agencies are well placed to ensure transparency and accountability by publishing reports on the criteria employed to make decisions and publishing contracts.
The Potential of Private Institutional Investors for Financing Transport Infrastructure
Discussion Paper,
30 April 2013
The Fantasy World of Private Finance for Transport via Public Private Partnerships
Discussion Paper,
31 August 2012
Seamless Transport Policy: Institutional and Regulatory Aspects of Inter-Modal Coordination
Discussion Paper,
30 April 2012
Ten Stylised Facts About Household Spending on Transport
Statistics Brief, Policy Insights,
1 January 2011
- Housing, transport and food are the main household budgetary drivers.
- Share of transport on total household spending has remained relatively constant over time.
- The share of transport in household expenditure increases with welfare.
- The main driver of household spending is the ownership (and use) of cars.
- Increased spending on transport by richer households is mainly directed to cars.
- Transport spending structure and level changes dramatically only for households with the oldest consumers.
- Unemployed and retired spend least on transport – but still rely on cars.
- Bigger families spend more on transport (and use of car).
- Degree of urbanisation has only a small impact on transport spending shares in rich countries.
- Transport spending is rapidly increasing in China.
Effective Regulatory Institutions: The Regulator's Role in the Policy Process, Including Issues of Regulatory Independence
Discussion Paper,
2 December 2010
Transport Regulation from Theory to Practice: General Observations and a Case Study
Discussion Paper,
30 September 2010
Estimating the Agglomeration Benefits of Transport Investments: Some Tests for Stability
Discussion Paper,
30 June 2010
Interurban Passenger Transport: Economic Assessment of Major Infrastructure Projects
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2009
Research Findings on the Evolution of the World Economy and Its Links with Transport
Discussion Paper,
1 January 2009
Economic Impact Analysis of Terrorism Events: Recent Methodological Advances and Findings
Discussion Paper,
1 November 2008
Recent Evolution of Research into the Wider Economic Benefits of Transport Infrastructure Investments
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2007
Progress and Challenges in the Application of Economic Analysis for Transport Policy and Decision Making
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2007
Transport Infrastructure Inside and Across Urban Regions: Models and Assessment Methods
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2007
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