Integrated ticketing
Integrated ticketing facilitates public transport transfers across different modes, operators or geographic zones. Within this broad definition, it can take a number of forms, including a common payment mechanism, a single ticket on different operator services, a single ticket across different modes or combinations of these elements. Integrated ticketing often takes form as an electronic “smart ticket”.
Benefits to users include ease of access and the ability to treat a public transport system as one single integrated system. In most cases, an integrated ticketing system will also involve integrated tariffs, where common pricing structures exist across different transport modes and operators. Integrated ticketing can also bring time savings, greater flexibility and convenience for customers, which can encourage public transport use.
Integrated ticketing systems typically increase the modal share of public transport in the short and long term.
The introduction of integrated ticketing systems in a set of European cities accompanied an increase in public transport demand of between 4% over two years in Manchester, United Kingdom, and 33% over 18 years in Paris. It remains difficult to isolate the sole impact of integrated ticketing on the increased public transport demand, however.
To adopt smart and integrated ticketing, transport agencies require new equipment and an upgrade of their fare collection system. Inter‑agency co‑ordination and management also incur costs. The total cost varies depending on the ticketing method used before implementation.
The capital costs of implementing a smart and integrated ticketing strategy for public transport operations outside of London, which involved around 6.7 million passenger journeys per day, were estimated to be GBP 330 million (British pounds).
By increasing the mode share of public transport, integrated ticketing conceivably generates benefits such as reduced congestion and reduced local air pollution. It typically also leads to greater convenience and passenger satisfaction.
Operators can use the data generated to improve operational efficiency and transport planning.
None identified.
ITF (2021) Transport Climate Action Directory – Integrated ticketing
https://www.itf-oecd.org/policy/integrated-ticketing
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