Maritime
Reporting on Serious Road Traffic Casualties
IRTAD, Policy Insights,
1 December 2011
- A complete picture of casualty totals from road crashes is needed to fully assess the consequences of road crashes and monitor progress.
- Injury information should complement information on fatal crashes to give a fuller picture of road crashes. Information on injuries should become more important for international comparisons.
- Police data should remain the main source for road crash statistics. However, because of underreporting problems and possible bias (for example with differing rates of reporting by vehicle type), police data should be complemented by hospital data, which are the next most useful source.
- The data from hospital emergency departments, available in some countries, should be monitored regularly and researched to determine if they might shed more light on road casualties.
- The assessment of the severity of injuries should preferably be done by medical professionals, and not by the police officer at the scene of the crash.
- Medical staff should be trained in order to systematically classify (road traffic) injuries using ICD International Classification of Diseases and to assess severities with indices such as the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) or the Maximum Abbreviated Injury (MAIS). This information -- without personal information -- should be made easily available for statistical purposes, policymaking and research.
- Besides police data and hospital data, other data sources are available. These have a limited value on their own, and cannot replace police or hospital data, but can be used to build a more balanced and comprehensive picture, to enrich the main data sources, and as a quality check.
- For linking data, the deterministic method is preferred if a unique personal identifier is available; otherwise the probabilistic method is a good alternative.
- The six assumptions needed to use the capture-recapture method must be considered carefully. Using this method combined with linking police and hospital data may be appropriate to give a fuller picture of road casualties.
- Having an internationally agreed definition of “serious” injuries will help the safety research community to better understand the consequences of road crashes and to monitor progress. Given the existing knowledge and practices, IRTAD proposes to define a ‘seriously injured road casualty’ as a person with injuries assessed at level 3 or more on the Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale i.e. "MAIS3+".
Insurance Market Incentives and Constraints and Complementary Public Policies
Presentation, slides, speech,
31 August 2011
Ten Stylised Facts About Household Spending on Transport
Statistics Brief, Policy Insights,
1 January 2011
- Housing, transport and food are the main household budgetary drivers.
- Share of transport on total household spending has remained relatively constant over time.
- The share of transport in household expenditure increases with welfare.
- The main driver of household spending is the ownership (and use) of cars.
- Increased spending on transport by richer households is mainly directed to cars.
- Transport spending structure and level changes dramatically only for households with the oldest consumers.
- Unemployed and retired spend least on transport – but still rely on cars.
- Bigger families spend more on transport (and use of car).
- Degree of urbanisation has only a small impact on transport spending shares in rich countries.
- Transport spending is rapidly increasing in China.
Effective Regulatory Institutions: The Regulator's Role in the Policy Process
Presentation, slides, speech,
2 December 2010
Effective Regulatory Institutions for Air Transport - A European Perspective
Presentation, slides, speech,
2 December 2010
Transport Regulation from Theory to Practice: General Observations and a Case Study
Presentation, slides, speech,
1 December 2010
Issues from the Practical Application of CBA in Major Transport Projects
Presentation, slides, speech,
21 October 2010
The Practice of Cost-Benefit Analysis in the Transport Sector. Mexico Perspective
Presentation, slides, speech,
20 October 2010
The Practice of Project Appraisal in France and the Role of CBA in Decision Making
Presentation, slides, speech,
20 October 2010
The Future for Interurban Passenger Transport: Bringing Citizens Closer Together
Roundtable Report,
29 April 2010
Integration and Competition between Transport and Logistics Businesses
Roundtable Report,
26 February 2010
Combinations of Instruments to Achieve Low-Carbon Vehicle-Miles
Presentation, slides, speech,
1 February 2010
The Demand for and the Supply of Fuel Efficiency in Models of Industrial Organization
Presentation, slides, speech,
1 February 2010
Introducing Congestion Charges - Frequently Asked Questions
Presentation, slides, speech,
1 February 2010