Walking and Cycling
Sustainable Accessibility for All
27 June 2024
- Accessibility requires broader framing. Physical access is a crucial component of accessible transport services. But accessibility involves an intersection between many different policy areas and frames of reference. Focusing on one aspect is not sufficient to guarantee accessibility for all.
- People need sustainable options. People need opportunities to be available and accessible, and they need sustainable travel options to access them for sustainable accessibility to be a reality. Additionally, policies targeted at travel choices may be needed to change travel behaviours.
- Engage effectively with communities. To improve engagement with the people impacted by transport interventions, policy makers should consider a wide variety of citizen participation processes. The exact form of these processes will depend on what is most appropriate for the context.
Urban Logistics Hubs
19 June 2024
- Logistics is more than e-commerce. Urban logistics includes deliveries, distribution, returns, collections and servicing. A wide range of stakeholders with consumer and business demands are involved in the logistics ecosystem. Thinking about improving logistics started in e-commerce and now drives developments in the other segments.
- Shift to sustainable logistics. Logistics is unlikely the most beneficial use of real estate considering sparse urban space. But the absence of sustainably designed and operated urban logistics hubs could lead to more vehicles or more polluting vehicles in cities as no transshipment space is available.
- Strengthen understandings of logistics and hubs. Planning authorities should provide best-practice guidelines and frame policies for logistics and associated hubs without significantly increasing costs for operators and customers. The public sector should govern while the private sector should lead the construction, operation and management of logistics hubs.
Greener Micromobility
18 June 2024
- Micromobility is becoming greener. Aside from walking, cycling remains the most environmentally friendly way of moving around cities. Electrification has further expanded the distances cyclists can travel. Shared micromobility has made significant progress in terms of sustainability as operators have addressed the impacts of their fleets and operations on the environment. Leasing models are particularly attractive from a lifecycle environmental impact perspective.
- Shared fleet vehicle design has reduced lifecycle impacts. The rapid uptake of improved vehicle designs in shared fleets has steeply reduced per-rider-kilometre greenhouse gas emissions. Longer vehicle lifetimes, enabled by more robust design, greater modularity and ease of repair, have driven reductions in impact across the lifecycle.
- Fleet servicing operations have significantly improved. Swappable, higher-capacity batteries have reduced the impact of fleet recharging, enabled the use of less impactful cargo bikes and fostered more efficient fleet servicing models. Improved fleet logistics, including maintenance, repair and re-positioning have contributed to greener operations. Electrification of fleet servicing vans also matters, but to a lesser extent.
A Pathway to Zero-Emission Trucking in India: Setting the Framework
17 June 2024
- The total cost-of-ownership of electric trucks is falling. Battery cost reductions and efficiency improvements are significantly reducing battery-electric trucks’ total cost-of-ownership (TCO). Heavy-duty battery-electric trucks are projected to achieve TCO parity with internal combustion engine trucks sooner than hydrogen and fuel-cell electric trucks.
- Maximise the early mover advantage. Prioritising battery-electric trucks – especially for the 18-tonne and 55-tonne segments – could help India begin the market transformation to heavy-duty zero-emission trucks (ZETs) in the coming decade.
- Policy levers are critical to zero-emission truck uptake. Transitioning to ZETs in India will rely on important policy levers such as target-setting, purchase incentives, greenhouse gas emissions regulations, and fleet and infrastructure development.
ITF 交通运输展望2023
15 May 2024
- 为未来交通运输及燃料补充基础设施制定全面的发展战略
- 加速向清洁车辆转变
- 在最有效的地区实施交通模式转变和交通需求管理政策
- 评估政策时要考虑城区的额外收益
- 改革车辆税,捕获新车辆的外部成本
Perspectives des transports FIT 2023
29 April 2024
- Élaborer des stratégies globales au service de la mobilité et des infrastructures de demain
- Accélérer la transition vers des flottes de véhicules propres
- Mettre en œuvre des politiques de report modal et de gestion de la demande là où elles sont le plus efficaces
- Au stade de l’évaluation, considérer les avantages additionnels qu’une politique peut apporter aux zones urbaines
- Réformer la fiscalité automobile de façon à capter les coûts externes des nouveaux parcs de véhicules
Transport System Resilience
10 April 2024
- Transport networks are vulnerable.
Transport systems face multiple disruptions, from geopolitical tensions and climate change impacts to pandemics. Understanding these disruptions is crucial for strengthening their resilience. - Disruptions have spillover effects.
Transport networks are interconnected, and transport disruptions in one part of the world can easily spread to other regions. Managing such spillover effects requires inter-regional co-operation. - Be systematic about resilience.
The concept of transport resilience must be built into national-level policies, long-term plans, appraisal procedures, competition policies and transport indicators.
Safer Micromobility
27 March 2024
- Micromobility is becoming safer. But, an increase in severe injuries from e-scooter crashes is cause for concern. Overall, shared e-scooter crash risk is decreasing as their usage is increasing faster than injuries.
Safe infrastructure and vehicle design matter. A focus on rider behaviour and safety equipment must be complemented by better infrastructure and improved vehicle design – especially for e-scooters.
Reinforcing existing policies improves safety. Road safety measures also make micromobility safer – managing speed, providing training to road users and enforcing rules against impaired driving and riding.
The Future of Public Transport Funding
27 February 2024
- Invest more. Greenhouse gas emissions from transport must decline rapidly to meet the Paris Agreement goals. As well as renewing vehicle fleets with electric vehicles, this requires modal shift towards public transport and active mobility. Public transport investments must increase significantly to enable the required modal shift.
- Focus on efficiency. More efficient infrastructure and service provision will contain the funding requirement. This requires coordinated institutional management arrangements, a strong focus on competition, a well-functioning multimodal mobility system, public investment decisions determined with efficiency in mind, and efficient financing choices.
- Fund from all sources. Sustainable public transport requires funding from three sources: users, through fares; governments, through general budgets and earmarked taxes; and taxes on indirect beneficiaries, including owners of land that increases in value when its accessibility improves.
Improving the Quality of Walking and Cycling in Cities
14 February 2024
- Overcome car-centric thinking. Decades of car-centric development have made its assumptions the unquestioned norm. As a result of this “moto-normativity”, risks and harms from motor vehicles may be accepted when they are unacceptable in other contexts. Many cities have begun to question this approach.
- Think beyond infrastructure. Focusing on infrastructure is not enough to ensure pedestrians and cyclists will feel safe and secure and enjoy walking and cycling. Policies must also target street violence, social disadvantage and other factors.
- Redesign planning processes. Processes for transport investments have traditionally prioritised car-centric options. A vision-led approach can provide the basis for redesigning these processes, and help ensure active travel contributes to more inclusive, sustainable cities. Work in progress across a number of cities worldwide suggests such a shift is possible.
Youth on the Move: Young People and Transport in the 21st Century
31 January 2024
- Choices and constraints. Young people have different needs, expectations and constraints regarding transport than other age groups. Their mobility choices depend on a combination of socio-economic factors and limited resources.
- Transport’s future. Young people’s travel behaviour and aspirations could influence how sustainable transport will become in the long run.
- Give youth a voice. Young people’s views rarely figure in transport policy decisions. Traditional transport planning does not always consider their needs. Involving young people in transport planning and decision-making could better align solutions with the challenges.
Cruise Shipping and Urban Development: The Case of Venice
21 December 2016
- Create certainty about the future of cruise shipping in Venice.
- Develop a tourism strategy for the city including guidance on which tourists to prioritise.
- Develop instruments to contain the number of tourists in the city of Venice.
- Develop an action plan for extracting more value from home port passengers.
- Give a more structural character to environmental policies that have a discontinuous nature.
Adapting Transport to Climate Change and Extreme Weather
14 December 2016
- Act now to preserve the value of transport infrastructure and maintain network performance.
- Protect transport infrastructure against climate impacts through good maintenance.
- Prepare for more frequent and unexpected failure of transport infrastructure.
- Account for temporary unavailability of transport assets in in service continuity plans.
- Assess vulnerability of transport assets and networks from climate change and extreme weather.
- Focus on transport system resilience, not just on designing robust infrastructure.
- Re-evaluate thinking on redundant transport infrastructure.
- Do not rely solely on cost-benefit analysis for appraising the value of transport infrastructure.
- Develop new decision-support tools that incorporate deep uncertainty into asset appraisal.
Zero Road Deaths and Serious Injuries
1 October 2016
- Think safe roads, not safer roads.
- Provide strong, sustained leadership for the paradigm shift to a Safe System.
- Foster a sense of urgency to drive change.
- Underpin aspirational goals with concrete operational targets.
- Establish shared responsibility for road safety.
- Apply a results-focussed way of working among road safety stakeholders.
- Leverage all parts of a Safe System for greater overall effect and so that if one part fails the other parts will still prevent serious harm.
- Use a Safe System to make city traffic safe for vulnerable road users.
- Build Safe System capacity in low and middle-income countries to improve road safety in rapidly motorising parts of the world.
- Support data collection, analysis and research on road traffic as a Safe System.
Road Safety Annual Report 2016
14 July 2016
- Focus road safety policy on vulnerable road users.
- Enforce drink driving laws, speed limits and the wearing of seat belts and motorcycle helmets.
- Analyse the reasons behind the relatively poor road safety performance in 2015 and adapt policies.
Airport Demand Forecasting for Long-Term Planning
6 July 2016
- Use quantitative methods to analyse the key drivers of airport demand.
- Use expert guidance to help interpret the quantitative results.
- Quality-assure the analysis and counter the risks of optimism bias.
- Reflect the risks and uncertainties that arise in even the best forecasts.
- Make better use of demand forecasts in airport infrastructure planning.
Regulation of For-Hire Passenger Transport: Portugal in International Comparison
9 June 2016
- Steer policy development towards mobility services that allow efficient achievement of public policy objectives regarding the needs of consumers and society.
- Encourage innovative and more flexible regulation of for-hire transport services.
- Embrace data-led regulation to improve societal outcomes.
- Keep the regulatory framework of for-hire passenger transport services as simple and uniform as possible.
App-Based Ride and Taxi Services: Principles for Regulation
9 May 2016
- Focus policy regarding for-hire passenger transport on the needs of consumers and society.
- Keep the regulation framework of for-hire passenger transport services as simple and uniform as possible.
- Encourage innovative and more flexible regulation of for-hire transport services.
- Embrace data-led regulation to improve societal outcomes.
Shared Mobility: Innovation for Liveable Cities
9 May 2016
- Shared mobility benefits depend on creating the right market conditions and operational frameworks.
- Shared mobility has significant environmental benefits, even with current engine technology.
- Shared mobility will radically change public transport and most traditional bus services will disappear.
- Public authorities must guide the deployment of shared mobility systems and anticipate their impacts.
Data-Driven Transport Policy
9 May 2016
- Data is being collected in ways that support new business models in transport but challenge existing regulation.
- Transport data is shifting to the private sector and away from the public sector.
- The shift of data ownership from the public to the private sector may ultimately imply a shift in control.
- Transport authorities should account for biases in the data they use and encourage use of adequate metadata.
- Mandatory private-public data sharing should be limited. Only where clear benefits to all parties exist and public authorities have capacity to handle the data should they be considered.
- Data sharing does not necessarily mean sharing raw data.
- Whatever data is collected and whoever holds it, dats should be an integral part of more flexible regulation of emerging transport services.
Reducing Sulphur Emissions from Ships: The Impact of International Regulation
9 May 2016
- Harmonise requirements on maritime sulphur emissions with regard to compliance options.
- Apply sanctions for non-compliance with sulphur emissions regulations for ships that are sufficiently dissuasive.
- Inverse the burden of proof for compliance by prohibiting ships to carry heavy fuel oil except as cargo.
Capacity to Grow: Transport Infrastructure Needs for Future Trade Growth
8 May 2016
- Develop planning tools to adapt to uncertainties: Good port planning means planning for uncertainties.
- Increase port capacity by optimising existing terminals.
- Take a holistic planning approach to improving port capacity needs as part of the entire supply chain.
- Use funding as a balancing tool in port capacity development.
Establishing Mexico’s Regulatory Agency for Rail Transport
29 February 2016
- Any reform of the rail concessioning system must preserve the current high level of performance.
- Accept price discrimination to ensure efficiency, with the regulatory agency to adjudicate what prices are reasonable.
- Focus regulation on cases where effective competition does not already exist.
- Collect adequate financial and operating data on the rail companies as the basis for effective regulatory decisions.
- Consider cutting the cost of regulation by including an arbitration mechanism in any further regulatory reform.
- Consider inter-switching rules in any further regulatory reform.
- Interchange traffic rights should not be expected to be used for shippers to specify routes.
- Resource the new regulator with sufficient expertise to convince the courts that its decisions are sound.